微服务之服务注册与发现(Eureka)

"Hello SpringBoot, Hello SpringClould"

Posted by 墨城烟柳(Mcyl) on October 31, 2018

“Hello everyone! ”

SpringCloud简介

SpringCloud为开发人员提供了快速构建分布式系统的一些工具,包括配置管理、服务发现、断路器、路由、微代理、事件总线、 全局锁、决策竞选、分布式会话等等。它运行环境简单,可以在开发人员的电脑上跑。另外说明spring cloud是基于springboot的, 所以需要开发中对SpringBoot有一定的了解。此案例以Idea开发。

创建服务注册中心

在这里,我们需要用的的组件上Spring Cloud Netflix的Eureka ,Eureka是一个服务注册和发现模块

第一步:

首先创建一个maven主工程。

第二步:

然后创建2个model工程:一个model工程作为服务注册中心,即EurekaServer,另一个作为EurekaClient。

步骤:

右键工程->创建创建module->选择spring initialir->cloud discovery->eureka server,然后一直下一步就行了。

创建完成后:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.test</groupId>
	<artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>eureka-server</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.M1</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
			<snapshots>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</snapshots>
		</repository>
	</repositories>


</project>

第三步:

启动一个服务注册中心,只需要一个注解@EnableEurekaServer,这个注解需要在SpringBoot工程的启动application类上:

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import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaServerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
	}
}

第四步:

配置appication.yml文件:

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server:
  port: 9871
  
eureka:
  instance:
	hostname: localhost
  client:
	registerWithEureka: false
	fetchRegistry: false
	service-url:
	  defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

####通过eureka.client.registerWithEureka:false和fetchRegistry:false来表明自己是一个EurekaServer。注意每个冒号后面要有空格,否则无效。

第五步:

EurekaServer是有界面的,启动工程,打开浏览器访问:http://localhost:98761 ,就会显示界面。提示:No application available 没有服务被发现,因为没有注册服务下面我们开始注册服务。

第六步:

创建一个服务提供者 (EurekaClient) 当client向server注册时,它会提供一些元数据,例如主机和端口,URL,主页等。EurekaServer 从每个client实例接收心跳消息。 如果心跳超时,则通常将该实例从注册server中删除。

步骤:

右键工程->创建创建module->选择spring initialir->web->web,cloud discovery->eureka discovery,然后一直下一步就行了。

创建完成后:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.test</groupId>
	<artifactId>eureka-client</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>eureka-client</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.M1</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
			<snapshots>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</snapshots>
		</repository>
	</repositories>

</project>

第七步:

通过注解@EnableEurekaClient 表明自己是一个EurekaClient。

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import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@RestController
public class EurekaClientApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Value("${server.port}") String port;

	@RequestMapping("/hello")
	public String home(@RequestParam String name) {
		return "hello: "+name+",i am from port:" +port;
	}

}

第八步:

配置application.yml文件

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server:
  port: 9872
spring:
  application:
	name: eureka-client
eureka:
  client:
	service-url:
	  defaultZone: http://localhost:9871/eureka/

启动工程:

打开http://localhost:9871 ,即可显示eurekaclient网址,你会发现一个服务已经注册在服务中了,服务名为eureka-client ,端口为9872。

预览:

打开 http://localhost:9872/hello?name=handsomeman ,你会在浏览器上看到:hello: handsomeman,i am from port:9872

源码下载:

https://github.com/mochengyanliu/SpringCloudLearn/tree/master/section1